pengertian cyber crime

Cybercrime adalah tidak criminal yang dilakkukan dengan menggunakan teknologi computer sebagai alat kejahatan utama. Cybercrime merupakan kejahatan yang memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi computer khusunya internet. Cybercrime didefinisikan sebagai perbuatan melanggar hukum yang memanfaatkan teknologi computer yang berbasasis pada kecanggihan perkembangan teknologi internet.

Karakteristik Cybercrime

Dalam perkembangannya kejahatan konvensional cybercrime dikenal dengan :
1. Kejahatan kerah biru
2. Kejahatan kerah putih

Cybercrime memiliki karakteristik unik yaitu :
1. Ruang lingkup kejahatan
2. Sifat kejahatan
3. Pelaku kejahatan
4. Modus kejahatan
5. Jenis kerugian yang ditimbulkan

Dari beberapa karakteristik diatas, untuk mempermudah penanganannya maka cybercrime diklasifikasikan :
a. Cyberpiracy : Penggunaan teknologi computer untuk mencetak ulang software atau informasi, lalu mendistribusikan informasi atau software tersebut lewat teknologi komputer.
b. Cybertrespass : Penggunaan teknologi computer untuk meningkatkan akses pada system computer suatu organisasi atau indifidu.
c. Cybervandalism : Penggunaan teknologi computer untuk membuat program yang menganggu proses transmisi elektronik, dan menghancurkan data dikomputer.
c. Perkiraan perkembangan cyber crime di masa depan
dapat diperkirakan perkembangan kejahatan cyber kedepan akan semakin meningkat seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi atau globalisasi dibidang teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, sebagai berikut :

Denial of Service Attack. Serangan tujuan ini adalah untuk memacetkan sistem dengan mengganggu akses dari pengguna jasa internet yang sah. Taktik yang digunakan adalah dengan mengirim atau membanjiri situs web dengan data sampah yang tidak perlu bagi orang yang dituju. Pemilik situs web menderita kerugian, karena untuk mengendalikan atau mengontrol kembali situs web tersebut dapat memakan waktu tidak sedikit yang menguras tenaga dan energi.

Hate sites. Situs ini sering digunakan oleh hackers untuk saling menyerang dan melontarkan komentar-komentar yang tidak sopan dan vulgar yang dikelola oleh para “ekstrimis” untuk menyerang pihak-pihak yang tidak disenanginya. Penyerangan terhadap lawan atau opponent ini sering mengangkat pada isu-isu rasial, perang program dan promosi kebijakan ataupun suatu pandangan (isme) yang dianut oleh seseorang / kelompok, bangsa dan negara untuk bisa dibaca serta dipahami orang atau pihak lain sebagai “pesan” yang disampaikan.

Cyber Stalking adalah segala bentuk kiriman e-mail yang tidak dikehendaki oleh user atau junk e-mail yang sering memakai folder serta tidak jarang dengan pemaksaan. Walaupun e-mail “sampah” ini tidak dikehendaki oleh para user.

3. Jenis-jenis Cybercrime

a. Jenis-jenis cybercrime berdasarkan jenis aktivitasnya
1. Unauthorized Access to Computer System and Service
Kejahatan yang dilakukan dengan memasuki/menyusup ke dalam suatu sistem jaringan komputer secara tidak sah, tanpa izin atau tanpa sepengetahuan dari pemilik sistem jaringan komputer yang dimasukinya. Biasanya pelaku kejahatan (hacker) melakukannya dengan maksud sabotase ataupun pencurian informasi penting dan rahasia. Namun begitu, ada juga yang melakukan hanya karena merasa tertantang untuk mencoba keahliannya menembus suatu sistem yang memiliki tingkat proteksi tinggi. Kejahatan ini semakin marak dengan berkembangnya teknologi internet/intranet.
Kita tentu tidak lupa ketika masalah Timor Timur sedang hangat-hangatnya dibicarakan di tingkat internasional, beberapa website milik pemerintah RI dirusak oleh hacker (Kompas, 11/08/1999). Beberapa waktu lalu, hacker juga telah berhasil menembus masuk ke dalam database berisi data para pengguna jasa America Online (AOL), sebuah perusahaan Amerika Serikat yang bergerak dibidang e-commerce, yang memiliki tingkat kerahasiaan tinggi (Indonesian Observer, 26/06/2000). Situs Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) juga tidak luput dari serangan para hacker, yang mengakibatkan tidak berfungsinya situs ini dalam beberapa waktu lamanya.

2. Illegal Contents
Merupakan kejahatan dengan memasukkan data atau informasi ke internet tentang sesuatu hal yang tidak benar, tidak etis, dan dapat dianggap melanggar hukum atau mengganggu ketertiban umum. Sebagai contohnya adalah pemuatan suatu berita bohong atau fitnah yang akan menghancurkan martabat atau harga diri pihak lain, hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan pornografi atau pemuatan suatu informasi yang merupakan rahasia negara, agitasi dan propaganda untuk melawan pemerintahan yang sah, dan sebagainya.

3. Data Forgery
Merupakan kejahatan dengan memalsukan data pada dokumen-dokumen penting yang tersimpan sebagai scriptless document melalui internet. Kejahatan ini biasanya ditujukan pada dokumen-dokumen e-commerce dengan membuat seolah-olah terjadi “salah ketik” yang pada akhirnya akan menguntungkan pelaku.

4. Cyber Espionage
Merupakan kejahatan yang memanfaatkan jaringan internet untuk melakukan kegiatan mata-mata terhadap pihak lain, dengan memasuki sistem jaringan komputer (computer network system) pihak sasaran. Kejahatan ini biasanya ditujukan terhadap saingan bisnis yang dokumen ataupun data-data pentingnya tersimpan dalam suatu sistem yang computerized.

5. Cyber Sabotage and Extortion
Kejahatan ini dilakukan dengan membuat gangguan, perusakan atau penghancuran terhadap suatu data, program komputer atau sistem jaringan komputer yang terhubung dengan internet. Biasanya kejahatan ini dilakukan dengan menyusupkan suatu logic bomb, virus komputer ataupun suatu program tertentu, sehingga data, program komputer atau sistem jaringan komputer tidak dapat digunakan, tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya, atau berjalan sebagaimana yang dikehendaki oleh pelaku. Dalam beberapa kasus setelah hal tersebut terjadi, maka pelaku kejahatan tersebut menawarkan diri kepada korban untuk memperbaiki data, program komputer atau sistem jaringan komputer yang telah disabotase tersebut, tentunya dengan bayaran tertentu. Kejahatan ini sering disebut sebagai cyber-terrorism.

6. Offense against Intellectual Property
Kejahatan ini ditujukan terhadap Hak atas Kekayaan Intelektual yang dimiliki pihak lain di internet. Sebagai contoh adalah peniruan tampilan pada web page suatu situs milik orang lain secara ilegal, penyiaran suatu informasi di internet yang ternyata merupakan rahasia dagang orang lain, dan sebagainya.

7. Infringements of Privacy
Kejahatan ini ditujukan terhadap informasi seseorang yang merupakan hal yang sangat pribadi dan rahasia. Kejahatan ini biasanya ditujukan terhadap keterangan pribadi seseorang yang tersimpan pada formulir data pribadi yang tersimpan secara computerized, yang apabila diketahui oleh orang lain maka dapat merugikan korban secara materil maupun immateril, seperti nomor kartu kredit, nomor PIN ATM, cacat atau penyakit tersembunyi dan sebagainya.

8. Cracking
Kejahatan dengan menggunakan teknologi computer yang dilakukan untuk merusak system keamaanan suatu system computer dan biasanya melakukan pencurian, tindakan anarkis begitu merekan mendapatkan akses. Biasanya kita sering salah menafsirkan antara seorang hacker dan cracker dimana hacker sendiri identetik dengan perbuatan negative, padahal hacker adalah orang yang senang memprogram dan percaya bahwa informasi adalah sesuatu hal yang sangat berharga dan ada yang bersifat dapat dipublikasikan dan rahasia.

9. Carding 
Adalah kejahatan dengan menggunakan teknologi computer untuk melakukan transaksi dengan menggunakan card credit orang lain sehingga dapat merugikan orang tersebut baik materil maupun non materil.

b. Jenis-jenis cybercrime berdasarkan motif
Berdasarkan motif cybercrime terbergi menjadi 2 yaitu :
Cybercrime sebagai tindak kejahatan murni : dimana orang yang melakukan kejahatan yang dilakukan secara di sengaja, dimana orang tersebut secara sengaja dan terencana untuk melakukan pengrusakkan, pencurian, tindakan anarkis, terhadap suatu system informasi atau system computer.

Cybercrime sebagai tindakan kejahatan abu-abu : dimana kejahatan ini tidak jelas antara kejahatan criminal atau bukan karena dia melakukan pembobolan tetapi tidak merusak, mencuri atau melakukan perbuatan anarkis terhadap system informasi atau system computer tersebut.
Selain dua jenis diatas cybercrime berdasarkan motif terbagi menjadi

Cybercrime yang menyerang individu : kejahatan yang dilakukan terhadap orang lain dengan motif dendam atau iseng yang bertujuan untuk merusak nama baik, mencoba ataupun mempermaikan seseorang untuk mendapatkan kepuasan pribadi. Contoh : Pornografi, cyberstalking, dll

Cybercrime yang menyerang hak cipta (Hak milik) : kejahatan yang dilakukan terhadap hasil karya seseorang dengan motif menggandakan, memasarkan, mengubah yang bertujuan untuk kepentingan pribadi/umum ataupun demi materi/nonmateri.

Cybercrime yang menyerang pemerintah : kejahatan yang dilakukan dengan pemerintah sebagai objek dengan motif melakukan terror, membajak ataupun merusak keamanan suatu pemerintahan yang bertujuan untuk mengacaukan system pemerintahan, atau menghancurkan suatu Negara.

Membedakan Cybercrime dan Cyber-Related Crime
• Banyak kejahatan yang menggunakan teknologi komputer tidak bisa disebut cybercrime
• Pedophilia, stalking, dan pornografi bisa disebarkan dengan atau tanpa menggunakan cybertechnology
• Sehingga hal-hal di atas tidak bisa disebut cybercrime
• Hal-hal diatas biasanya disebut cyber-related crime

Cyber-Related Crime
• Cyber-related crime bisa dibagi menjadi :
- cyber-exacerbated crime
- cyber-assisted crime
• Sehingga kejahatan yang menggunakan teknologi internet bisa diklasifikasikan menjadi
1. Cyber-specific crimes
2. Cyber-exacerbated crimes
3. Cyber-assisted crimes

comment: 

sangat disayangkan meningkatnya cyber crime,hal ini sangat merugikan pengguna internet karena  para pelaku mengancam kenyamanan dan data-data para user. berikut adalah tips menghindari cyber crime yang saya dapat dari google :

1. Selalu tutup acount anda bila berada di ruang publik ( warnet, kantor ato yg lainnya) karena bukan punya kita kan tu komputer termasuk untuk tidak melakukan transaksi elektronik dengan access point GRATISAN....(wifi) karena pengguna itu access point bukan cuma kamu...
2. Selalu di Update ya password nya... untuk menghindari orang-orang iseng yang coba nge crackers
3. Buat PC atau laptop jngan lupa kasih security system... yang paling penting sih 3 antivir... gpp ko nga bakalan rusak tu PC
4. Jangan sembarangan deh kasih2 password ato email... jangan salah loh dari email juga bisa di obrak-abrik...
5. Terakhir jngan sekali2 jngan buka2 situs yang nga jelas...karena klo salah buka

Sumber :
http://www.duniamaya.org/index.php/security/kejahatan-dunia-maya-cybercrime/

http://latifaulfah.blogspot.com/2010/02/pengertian-cybercrime.html

Malaysia claim Indonesian heritage ...again?

The Malaysian government has claimed two North Sumatran dances as part of the country’s own cultural heritage, prompting condemnation from the Indonesian Batak community and calls from a lawmaker to respond with force. 

Rais Yatim, Malaysia’s minister of communication and culture, was quoted by Malaysian state news agency Bernama on Thursday as saying the dances, Tor-Tor and Gordang Sambilan, would be added to the 2005 National Heritage Law. 

Rais said the dances were part of the country’s diverse culture and should be “performed regularly in front of [Malaysian and international] crowds.” 

Ibnu Hamad, a spokesman for the Indonesian Education and Culture Ministry, said his office would seek confirmation from the Malaysian government about the report. 

“We will recheck that information,” he said. “If it’s true, I hope the Malaysian government will not forget all the earlier cases of claims that sparked protests from the Indonesian people, which is counterproductive for the relationships between Indonesia and Malaysia. 

“It’s best that Malaysia clarifies the real purpose for putting Tor-Tor on their national heritage list. If they want recognition as the owners of the dance arbitrarily, we definitely can’t accept that.” 

Ibnu said both dances were part of the Batak Mandailing culture and performed in honor of their ancestors, making the dances part of Indonesian heritage. 

Saleh Salam Harahap, the chairman of the Batak Mandailing Customary Institute, told the Tempo.co news portal that migrants from Mandailing had long settled in Malaysia, bringing their culture with them and leading the Malaysian government to lay claim to the dances. 

“The culture has been around in Mandailing for 500 years,” Saleh said on Sunday. “There are two Mandailing customary communities in Malaysia — I know both of their leaders. There’s no way the Mandailing leaders in Perak and Kuala Lumpur will keep quiet about this.” 

Lawmaker Ruhut Sitompul, whose family hails from North Sumatra, said Indonesia must use hard diplomacy to defend the country’s cultural heritage. 

“Once in a while, I think it’s necessary that we bomb [Malaysia] as a form of shock therapy,” the Democratic Party politician said. “Otherwise they will keep oppressing us. There’s no need for diplomacy — they always find excuses.” 

In 2007, Malaysia claimed the traditional lion dance from Ponorogo, East Java, by posting an image of the costume used for the dance on its heritage website, heritage.gov.my. 

That year, the Malaysian Tourism Board also released a tourism commercial featuring the song “Rasa Sayange.” The board claimed the song originated from Malaysia, although the lyrics were not in Malay but in a Maluku dialect. 

Two years later, the board featured the Balinese Pendet dance in one of its “Visit Malaysia” commercials. Malaysia claimed it was mix-up, blaming the production house that produced the commercial. 

Malaysia has never retracted its claims on the Ponorogo lion dance and “Rasa Sayange” song.

Comment:

I was very surprised to heard about this news.  More and more malaysia stole the dance from Indonesia,they calimed Tor-Tor dance as their heritage. The culture has been around in Mandailing for 500 years,this dance is done to honor the ancestors of the Batak. Malaysia certainly has no Batak tribe in their country. Batak people is only from Indonesia, so malaysia has no basis to claim this dance as their heritage. I wonder why Malaysia did not give up claim to the culture of other countries, especially Indonesia. I agree with Ruhut Sitompul’s comment, Once in a while, I think it’s necessary that we bomb [Malaysia] as a form of shock therapy to make them give up to stole dance,song,and traditional food from indonesia. Malaysia should be ashamed for always stole the heritage from Indonesia. If you read my comment and you’re not Malaysian,i advice you to be carefull if you show your heritage performance in malaysia,they might claim your heritage maybe. :) :D

Article source: http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/international/malaysia-indonesia-in-a-dance-off/524895

Causative verb

Pengertian:

Causative verb menunjukkan bahwa seseorang/sesuatu secara tidak langsung bertanggung jawab terhadap sebuah tindakan. Subjek tidak melakukan tindakan itu sendiri, tetapi justru menyebabkan seseorang/sesuatu yang lain melakukannya.

Rumus:

·         Let

[let + person + verb]

Kegunaan:  untuk membiarkan pihak lain melakukan sesuatu.

·         Make

[make + person + verb]

Kegunaan: untuk memaksa seseorang mengerjakan sesuatu.

·         Have

[have + person + verb]

Kegunaan: untuk memberikan seseorang tanggung jawab untuk melakukan sesuatu.

·         Get

[get + person + to + verb]

Kegunaan: untuk memastikan seseorang sesuatu telah dikerjakan seseorang.

 Exercise:

Complet the sentences below using correct form of the verbs “let”, “make”, “have”, and “get”

1.      Suli really wanted a dog,but her parent would’t ..... her have a pet.

Answer: Let

2.      I don’t know how you convince your children to clean up their rooms,i couldn’t ..... my to clean up their rooms if my life depend on it.

Answer: Get

3.      Proffesor lee ..... his student use a calculator while they were taking the test.

Answer: Let

4.      My mom ..... me me apologize for what I had said.

Answer: Made

5.      When will the report be ready? I will ..... it done by tomorrow morning.

Answer: Have

6.      Will your parent ..... you go to the party?

Answer: Let

7.      She ..... her son do his task.

Answer: Made

8.      I ..... my sister to cut my hair

Answer: Get

9.      Did somebody ..... you wear that ugly hat?

Answer: Make

10.  Will your parents ..... you go to the movie tonight?

Answer: Let

11.  I don’t know if my boss will ..... me take the day off.

Answer: Let

12.  I ..... my brother wash my shoes.

Answer: Make

13.  She ..... her boyfriend wash her car.

Answer: Made

14.  Will your brother ..... me join his party?

Answer: Let

15.  I will ..... my homework done.

Answer: Get

16.  I will ..... my friend do my homework.

Answer: Have

17.   My parents always ..... me get up early in the morning.

Answer: have

18.  Please, .... the mechanic check the engine

Answer: let

19.  Pamella wants to ..... her motorcycle checked and fixed. Because it has been broken more than a week.

Answer: get

20.  Does your mother ..... you eat out at KFC?

Answer: Let

Sources :

http://englishonline.blogdetik.com/2009/08/29/causative-verb-get-have-let-make/

http://www.englishpage.com/minitutorials/let.html

http://ferdiantoeducationowrld.blogspot.com/2012/02/causative-verb.html

that car should be confiscated to the state.

A member of House Commission I called on Friday for the Indonesian military to confiscate a luxurious Porsche Cayenne Turbo allegedly owned by a member of the military.                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
“Please confiscate the [Porsch] using a military vehicle registration plate,” Fayakhun Andriadi told Antara. “Don’t let [the owner] go free, as this is tainting the image and dignity of the Indonesian military.”

A citizen took a photo of the Porsche Cayenne that was parked at Soekarno Hatta airport, and sent the photo to Detik.com. The amateur photographer, Pranistara, said he had just arrived from Yogyakarta when saw several parked military vehicles (identifiable by their license plates) — the Porsche was conspicuously among the other cars.

The price of Porsche Cayenne on the Indonesian market is around Rp 3.85 billion (almost $416,000) before taxes. 

Fayakhun said that it was “not appropriate” for a military member to show off such a lavish vehicle amid average Indonesian’s who are  "struggling for a living."

“On behalf of Indonesian people, I’m upset with that show-off attitude — it really taints the image of military,” he said. “The owner needs to learn a lesson, and the car [should be] confiscated to the state.”

Indonesian Military spokesman Rear Adm. Iskandar Sitompul said that he would investigate the extravagant car.

“That kind of car could not fulfill any specification for a military [official],” Iskandar told detik.com. “If the car is [Toyota] Kijang or Avanza, it is normal to be used by members in carrying out duties — but we need to investigate if it is Porsche.”

Comment:

Accordin to the article above. I strongly agree with Mr.Fayakhun’s comment that porsche owner are not to be left free.  If there are military member have a fancy car using a military vehicle registration plate,it will invite a wide range reaction from the public, moreover the majority of indonesians is lower-middle. I think it is very innapropiate performed by military member. I also agree, that military member tarnished the military image by exibithing the fanncy car he had. Porsche not only luxury and expensive, That kind of car could not fulfill any specification for a military. So the car should be confiscated to the state.

Article source: (http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/porsche-with-military-plates-riles-officials/520067 )

bang kamaludin, Kerak Telor vendor

The Jakarta Fashion and Food Festival in Kelapa Gading is famous for bringing together signature dishes from across the archipelago. In the midst of this culinary celebration, one man stands out. Juggling mini woks and eggs is Bang Kamaludin, 32, purveyor of some of the finest kerak telor in Jakarta. 
His family has been making and selling the traditional Jakarta dish since the 1900s, when it cost a couple of cents. Today, the native Betawi offers us a lesson in kerak telor. 

So you’re a native Betawi, but of all the traditional Betawi foods, why did you choose kerak telor? Why not ketoprak or gado-gado? 
Well, the dish runs deep in my family. I started making kerak telor when I was a teenager just to follow in my parents’ footsteps, because they sold kerak telor. After lots of trial and error I finally managed to make a kerak telor that was quite tasty, and that was when I decided to take the job seriously. 

But did you do this out of some obligation or sense of responsibility to follow in your parents’ footsteps? 
Of course not. I eventually came to enjoy the whole process very much. I enjoy making this delicacy and simply wanted to inherit the skills of making this delicious snack. 

Snack? So you don’t consider kerak telor a main meal? 
No, I think it can be a meal. People have done different variations, making a tastier kind of ketan [sticky rice] and adding local spices, ebi [dried shrimp] and serun deng [fried shredded coconut] to make it more delicious. 

Tell us a bit about your stall here. Where you keep things in your cart and how you handle the ingredients. 
The cart on my left contains all the half-cooked spices, and that is also where I keep the eggs for the kerak telor. After the spices are all cooked together with the eggs and ketan, I use the other side of the cart to add the ebi, serundeng and fried onions. 

Is there a difference between original kerak telor cooked by a Betawi and other versions? 
Well, the original is delicious, like mine, but as most Betawi people already know, the first kerak telor was actually made with duck eggs, not chicken eggs. Most kerak telor sellers will let the customer choose what kind of eggs they want to use. But for me, I only make my dish with duck eggs — no compromising on taste and authenticity. 

Like seasonal kerak telor sellers, do you only sell your dish at fairs or festivals? 
No, I make and sell kerak telor regularly inside the food court at Kelapa Gading mall, every day from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. I even have my own business card. But I also always take part in annual festivals here in La Piazza, Serpong, and also in the Jakarta Fair. 
When I’m busy taking care of my stall at festivals, I have some Betawi relatives and friends to help me take care of my booth in Kelapa Gading mall. 

How do you set yourself apart from all the other kerak telor carts? 
Here are some tips that I always give to people. During the Jakarta Fair, original Betawi vendors always sell kerak telor inside, not outside. 
So make sure you order while you’re inside enjoying the fair, not outside when you’re on your way home. And if you want to go to my booth, just find the cart with my business card on display. 

Do you hire non-Betawi workers? 
Well, I have lots of Betawi relatives and friends, so I have never hired any non-Betawi so far, but if someday I need some extra workers, maybe I can hire them to serve the food while my Betawi workers do the cooking. 

Talking about serving, how long does it take you to prepare a serving of kerak telor? 
It takes approximately three minutes to cook and serve a dish of kerak telor. I have to be fast, especially if there are many buyers waiting, like now. 

Does the cost change depending on which event you are working at? 
Yes, the highest price comes at the Jakarta Fair, Rp 15,000, because the rent is higher there. But usually I sell a serving for only Rp 12,000. 

Bang Kamaludin was talking to Elisa Effendy.

Comment :

The Jakarta Fashion and Food Festival in Kelapa Gading is best idea to bringing together signature dishes from across the archipelago. In this modern days, the fastfood restorant mushrooming and only serving western cuisine, this certainly would make the traditional cuisine from indonesia forgotten and left behind because people prefer instant and westernized. The jakarta fashion and food festival will make people who wanted the traditional food or home cooking met. Like bang Kamaludin he still devotedly sell Kerak Telor. Not just to follow his parent footsteps which also sell Kerak Telor, he sell Kerak telor because he love every single moment of the process making Kerak Telor and of course to make Kerak Telor exist between western cuisine. I think this festival should be held every year,so that the traditional food keep exist between the community.

Article source: (http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/myjakarta/my-jakarta-bang-kamaludin-kerak-telor-vendor/519916 )

Jamu Herbal Medicine From Indonesia

In 1990, Irish journalist Susan Jane-Beers noticed an herbal-medicine clinic in the corner of a hair salon in the Indonesian capital of Jakarta, her adopted home. A victim of age-related chronic knee pain that conventional pharmaceuticals couldn't numb, let alone heal, Jane-Beers decided to try jamu — traditional Indonesian medicine.

The results astounded her. After three days of taking only one-third of the prescribed dose of herbal pills, the pain had vanished, making her wonder if she'd found "the magic bullet of all time."

Jane-Beers spent the next decade researching the origins, myths, tightly guarded recipes and commercial applications of herbal medicine in Java, where plants have been used for medicinal purposes since prehistory. Her 2001 opus Jamu: The Ancient Art of Herbal Healing remains the only definitive English guide on the subject. It's also the most widely read outside Indonesia since Herbarium Amboinense, a catalog of plants completed by German botanist Georg Rumphius in 1690 — more than three centuries earlier.

A holistic therapy based on the notion that if disease comes from nature, then so must the cure, jamu uses a dazzling array of teas, tonics, pills, creams and powders to cure — or prevent — every ailment imaginable. The ingredients are by definition cheap, widely available and simple: nutmeg to treat insomnia, guava for diarrhea, lime to promote weight loss and basil to counter body odor.

Jamu has also been used to treat cancer. In her book, Jane-Beers writes of a traditional healer in the city of Jogjakarta who apparently cured what had been diagnosed as a terminal case of cervical cancer with a tea made of betel nut, Madagascar Periwinkle and mysterious benala leaves. By combining the tea with a strict soybean diet, the patient was said to have made a full recovery in 18 months.

Sound far-fetched? A 2011 study by Virginia Tech's Department of Food Science and Technology on the soursop tree — whose leaves are used to relieve gout and arthritis in Indonesia — found evidence showing that extracts from soursop fruit inhibit the growth of human breast cancer. Vincristine, one of 70 useful alkaloids identified in Madagascar Periwinkle, radically ups the survival rate of children with leukemia, while turmeric is being looked at as a treatment for Alzheimer's.

"Western medicine tries to destroy cancer, but at the same time it destroys elements of the body. Jamu helps the body produce its own antibodies to fight the cancer by itself," says Bryan Hoare, manager at MesaStila, a wellness retreat in central Java that serves jamu shots with breakfast and employs a tabib, or indigenous healer, for private consultations. "Coming from the earth, jamu also makes you feel good. When you take it you experience a positive feeling."

But if jamu is the magic bullet, why isn't it better known in the West, where natural Asian medicines like India's ayurvedic system and Chinese herbal healing have been growing in popularity for years?

The answer can be found on the streets of Indonesia, where jamu is consumed regularly by 49% of the population, according to the country's Ministry of Health. Valued at $2.7 billion annually, the industry covers an incredibly wide gamut of products and regimens, including homemade tonics sold by street hawkers, slimming powders, cosmetics and jamu for babies and postnatal care. Yet the best sellers in terms of value are invariably the dodgiest: those claiming to boost sexual performance or suppress appetite.

"Indonesians may well have been amused when Viagra was released in 1998," Jane-Beers says, noting the popularity of brands like Kuat Lekali (Strong Man), Kuku Bima (Nail of God) and Super Biul Erection Oil. "They have had their own remedies for years."

Then there's the association between jamu and white magic. Many indigenous healers insist on dispensing jamu on auspicious dates or in conjunction with animist spells that predate the arrival of Islam in the archipelago.

Mbah Ngatrulin, a Buddhist tabib I met in Ngadas, the highest village in Java, told me that spells are the key and that jamu may as well be "mineral water." It's the kind of comment that prevents many physicians across Southeast Asia from endorsing jamu lest patients take them for quacks.

According to Charles Saerang, head of the Indonesian Jamu Entrepreneurs Association, the primary impediment to a worldwide jamu craze is that locally produced jamu products don't meet international manufacturing standards. That hasn't stopped entrepreneurs from buying raw herbal materials in Indonesia, processing them in India and Malaysia and selling them in the U.K. — a market Indonesian-made jamuproducts can't access. That's a double whammy for Indonesia, which loses out on value added by third parties and the chance to promote the jamu brand name abroad.

It's impossible to say when, or even if, jamu painkillers will be stocked at supermarkets and convenience stores in countries like the U.K. Yet inroads are already being made by small businesses like the Origin Spa in Melbourne. There, highly skilled practitioners apply massage techniques developed by 16th century Indonesian royalty — the founders of modern jamu — using creams and oils containing turmeric, betel leaves and crushed eggshells. There's a minimum two-month waiting list for Origin's five-day post-pregnancy treatment that is said to help women regain their figures quickly, improve lactation and dispel wind, dizziness and aches and pains.

"It's surprisingly popular with the Asian mums throughout Australia," says partner Jessica Koh. "But it's still unfamiliar to most of the locals."

Comment:

As an Indonesians i’m so proud of the fact that Jamu known enough of foreign people. Jamu is original herbal medicine from indonesia. Natural ingredients in Jamu make people interested to consume jamu, whether to keep their healthy or cure the desease. Unfortunately, herbal medicine (Jamu) from Indonesia not been processed to International standards, so that many entrepreneurs take herbal ingredients to make Jamu and process the ingredients in another country such as india or malaysia. It is make jamu from indonesia to lose the added value and opportunities to promote local herbal products to overseas. In my opinion ,entrepreneurs in Indonesia should begin to look to the business of jamu and process them with international standards so that later the local herbal products can be marketed overseas. There are many herbal plants from indonesia, so we have to patent these herbal ingredients so as not to be recognized by other countries.

article source: ( http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2107489,00.html )

punkers

The word ‘punk’ doesn’t have a positive image. It’s associated with loud music, vandalism and kids riding up and down your street too fast on motorcycles that seem to have lost their muffler. 
My Jakarta sat down with Cimen, a punker who has lived on the streets of Jakarta for about five years and whose real name is just as mysterious as the reasons he decided to become a punk in the first place.
Cimen talks about life on the street and the support he receives from his circle of friends, and dismisses the idea that punks are always up to no good. ‘I have my own moral code,’ he says.

Society thinks that punkers are trash and future criminals. How do you respond to that kind of thinking?
People consider trash useless and ugly, but I try to understand why they think like that. I know I’m not well educated and I don’t have any achievements or skills that I can use to give back to people, so I’ve just stopped caring about what they say. Anyway, the whole idea of being a punker is to be free to do what I want without anyone telling me what to do, which we show through our dress and music. 

But I just want people to know that accusing punks of being thugs and criminals is too much, because even I have my own moral code. Some people say that they’ve fallen victim to petty crimes committed by people from the punk community. Well, all I can say is that the people you saw are not punkers, they’re just thugs who think that we look cool and try it out themselves.

Do you hate people because of the way they look at you and your community? 
No, I never have and never will have any problems with the people around me. And I don’t want to have any problems, because the moral code that I mentioned is one of non-violence toward my fellow humans. It’s clear that they are the ones who have the problem with me for reasons that only they know.

How do you earn a living?
I only need money to buy food and cigarettes, so I either park cars or busk to make enough money to survive from day to day. As long as it’s halal [acceptable in Islam]. And everyone knows that making money by committing crimes is definitely not halal. 

Punkers demand freedom from a binding system. Are you still a nationalist and would you fight for the country if we got into a war?
I would fight for my country. What me and other punks oppose is the government and the system they have created, which guarantees that the rich are always the ones wielding all the power. 

Everyone has their own reasons for running away from home and living on the street? What are yours?
I guess it was my family. You can say that I was a victim of child abuse. My dad hit me all the time, so around four and a half years ago, I ran away from home and dropped out of school. I was in junior high school back then.

If we could go back in time and the abuse never happened, do you think you would be here right now?
No, I don’t think I would have ever become involved in this lifestyle, because I don’t think that I would had a reason to find another family.

Do you have any plans to quit being a punk and reintegrate back into society, maybe find a steady job and have a better life?
At least not right now. But I have my plans for being successful without leaving this life. Most punkers usually dream about having their own shop that sells punk-related accessories like shirts and punk music CDs, or maybe a tattoo parlor. These are the achievements that reflect your success in life as a punk, and that is exactly the kind of business that I’d like to have [smiles].

What about females in the punk community? Why aren’t there as many women as men?
I guess because it’s against the nature of the general Indonesian female to choose to live as a rough and dirty street dweller [laughs]. Most of the female punkers I know are just accompanying their boyfriends or are just trying to make some friends in the punk community.

Comment:

Punkers usually synonymous with negative things such as vandalism,criminal, and sometimes drugs. But as cimen said who also a punkers, not all the punkers have bad behaviors. Like cimen,he decide to become a punkers because he wanted to have a life of freedom, cimen said as a punkers he never act such as thugs or hold-up man to get money for eat,although he had the appearance like a thugs. I think it is does not matter if someone want to have different lifestyles with others, for example, someone who decide to be a punkers to have freer life and unfettered. It does not matter  if you want to be anything you want ,as long as you do not do negative things.

Article source: http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/myjakarta/my-jakarta-cimen-punk/517310